How the Grinch Stole Christmas! was adapted to television in 1966 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's MGM Animation/Visual Arts studio as an animated TV special. The Grinch was directed by Seuss's friend and former colleague Chuck Jones, whom Seuss had worked with on the Private Snafu training cartoons for the U.S. Army during World War II. The special starred Boris Karloff as narrator and Grinch, and included the actual text of the book in spoken form, which is unusual for an adaptation.
Jones, who served as director, character designer, and character layout artist (as he had done for nearly all of his Warner Bros. Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies, and the latter-period MGM Tom and Jerry films) modified the appearance of the Grinch somewhat to fit the medium, rendering him in green and with a more elongated, frog-like face. In his 1996 book Chuck Reducks, Jones later said that Seuss thought the animated Grinch looked more like Jones than it did the character in the original book, a fact Jones attributed to the use of his own facial expressions as a model for the Grinch's.
Maurice Noble, one of Jones' long-time collaborators, served as production manager, and fellow Warner Bros. veteran Ben Washam served as co-director. The animation was produced by Jones' MGM animation unit, several members of which had come with him from Warner Bros: Ken Harris, Tom Ray, Phil Roman, Richard Thompson, Don Towsley, and Lloyd Vaughan.
The songs, which helped fill out the story to the length of a television program, were written by composer Albert Hague, with lyrics by Dr. Seuss. One of the best remembered of them, "You're a Mean One, Mr. Grinch" was sung by voice actor Thurl Ravenscroft, well-known as the voice of Kellogg's Tony the Tiger. According to an interview with Ravenscroft included on the early 2000s DVD release of the film, a production error resulted in Ravenscroft not receiving screen credit for his vocal performance, leading to the mistaken impression that it was Karloff who sang the song. The song has since been re-recorded by various artists for use in holiday-themed compilations, including Aimee Mann and Grant Lee Phillips in 2006.
Dr. Seuss also lengthened the text with two interpolated verse passages. The longer one describes the Who children (in the Grinch's imagination) noisily playing with their Christmas toys. Jones included some additional comedy business with the long suffering Max trying to fulfill his master's commands, such as pulling the sled, and being less than successful at the task. Seuss also added a few lines to the dénouement, which in the original is laconic, while Max joyfully enjoys his own helping of roast beast.
The TV special has been highly praised by audiences and film and animation fans alike, and it has been rebroadcast innumerable times since its debut, with annual showings continuing to the present day. The cartoon is typically found on the Internet Movie Database's list of the top 250 films, and is considered one of Chuck Jones' greatest cartoons made after his departure from Warner Bros., which currently, through several transactions involving MGM's library, owns the rights to the special.
The Grinch later appeared in a few more specials, although none were as popular as his original Christmas outing. In the 1977 special Halloween is Grinch Night, the Grinch (now voiced by Hans Conried) sets out to scare everyone in Whoville after being bothered by a chain reaction of annoying sounds caused by the wind. In The Grinch Grinches the Cat in the Hat (1982), he attempts to ruin things for fellow Seuss star The Cat in the Hat. Most recently, he was a recurring character on the 1996 kids' show The Wubbulous World of Dr. Seuss, where he was voiced by Anthony Asbury.
In 1992, Walter Matthau narrated an illustrated storybook version of the story for Random House Home Video, which utilized Seuss' original artwork.
CBS aired the special from 1966 until the late 1990s, when the special moved to The WB. In 2006, The WB merged with UPN to form The CW; the special began airing in 2006 on the ABC network, with a 40th Anniversary Edition. Cable airings of How the Grinch Stole Christmas in the United States are shown on Cartoon Network and TBS and have previously aired on TNT.
[edit] Film
Main article: How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (film)
After Seuss's death, a 2000 live-action feature film adaptation was produced. Directed by Ron Howard, it featured Jim Carrey in the titular role and was a major financial success. Although a box-office hit, the film received mostly negative reviews, comparing it unfavorably to the book and the television special. Despite the poor reviews, the movie fleshes out the entire story while showing the Grinch as a young lad. The screenplay, however, does not preserve the rhymes in the original story, using ordinary dialogue instead. The film also elaborates on the Grinch's motives in stealing Christmas, adding a section in which the Grinch tries to tolerate the Whos, who have made him the star of their community celebration. This leads to a major breakdown and the Grinch's decision to steal Christmas. Finally, the film depicts Christmas as being too commercial, especially in the beginning.
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January 24, 2008 at 9:25 AM